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A1 - Modal verb

Master Sollen

Question 1 of 10

🪟Finish the conversation

A
  ich das Fenster aufmachen?
B
Ja, bitte.

Shall I open the window?

Each word answers one question. Used words turn gray.

Reference: sollen conjugation, tenses and meanings

The verb

sollen means should and to be supposed to: someone else wants it, or it is advice. It is a modal verb: it works with a second verb that goes to the end. Soll ich ...? means 'shall I ...?'.

  • Modal verbs have no ending for ich and er / sie / es: ich soll, er soll.
  • sollen = supposed to (somebody else's wish); müssen = have to (necessity).
  • sollte / solltest / sollten = should (advice), very frequent.
  • Reported: Er soll sehr nett sein = He is said to be very nice.
How this page works: ten words, ten questions. Every word answers exactly one question and turns gray once used. If you are unsure, open this tutorial and come back.

Conjugation

PresentPastPerfect
ichsollsolltehabe gesollt
dusollstsolltesthast gesollt
er / sie / essollsolltehat gesollt
wirsollensolltenhaben gesollt
ihrsolltsolltethabt gesollt
sie / Siesollensolltenhaben gesollt

The done form (Partizip II) is gesollt (with another verb the perfect uses sollen: ich hätte es nicht tun sollen).

Look-alikes: sollte is ich and er / sie / es; sollten is wir and sie / Sie; the same forms also mean 'should'.

Tenses

Du sollst mehr schlafen.
Present: You are supposed to sleep more.
Er sollte früh kommen.
Past: He was supposed to come early.
Ich hätte es nicht tun sollen.
Perfect-style: I should not have done it.
Du solltest zum Arzt gehen.
Advice: You should see a doctor.
Soll ich das Fenster aufmachen?
Offer: Shall I open the window?

Word order

Du sollst mehr schlafen.
sollst is second; the other verb at the end.
Soll ich dir helfen?
Question: soll is first.
Ich weiß nicht, wohin ich gehen soll.
After wohin: gehen soll (the modal comes last).
Ich hätte es nicht tun sollen.
With hätte: tun sollen at the end.
In long sentences, find the helper near the front and the verb at the end of that part. Extra information between commas can wait.

Meanings

Soll ich das Fenster aufmachen?
Shall I open the window?
Du sollst mehr schlafen.
You are supposed to sleep more (the doctor says).
Er soll sehr nett sein.
He is said to be very nice.
Du solltest zum Arzt gehen.
Advice: you should see a doctor.
Was soll das?
What is that supposed to mean?
Learn it together with its partner words. The partner decides the meaning.
sollen: conjugation, meaning and practice | Learn German Fast